How do Buddhism, Chinese traditions, Hinduism, and Shintoism address causality, consciousness, energies, God, and ultimate reality? What is non-dualism? How is the world interconnected? How are metaphysics and morality related?

How do Buddhism, Chinese traditions, and Hinduism address the perennial problems of suffering, ethics, ritual, and contemplative practices? Why is suffering so important in Buddhism? Why karma in Hinduism? Why systems of nature in Chinese traditions?