What are Breakthroughs in Biology? (Part 1)

What are Breakthroughs in Biology? (Part 1)

Breakthroughs are whole new ways of thinking about biology. Darwinian evolution and the DNA revolution are prime examples. What else? Complex systems? Emergence? Reductionism (bottoms-up mechanisms) vs. holism (top-down organization)? What’s the role of technology breakthroughs, especially biotech and artificial intelligence (AI)?