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Philosophy of Extraterrestrial Life & Intelligence (Part I)

What could life be as we don’t know it? Three transitions. Non-life to life. Life to intelligent life. Intelligent life to technological civilization. Fermi’s Paradox: With at least 1,022 planets in the universe, the evidence for alien life is zero.

Philosophy of Units/Levels of Natural Selection (Part I)

While evolution is how life on earth came to be, where does the evolution occur? At what level of the hierarchy of life—from genes to individuals to groups to species—does evolution work its selection magic? Is it multilevel? It’s contentious.

Why Philosophy of Biology? (Part II)

Why Philosophy of Biology? (Part I)

Explore the process of science with the content of biology. Life’s nature and structure. Evolution’s challenges. Examine race, sex and gender, cognition, culture, morality, religion, alien life, and more.

Philosophy of Evolutionary Culture & Social Behavior (Part I)

Can an evolutionary perspective help explain culture and various social behaviors? Is it proper to use “culture” for non-human animals? If so, what is “animal culture” and how is human culture distinguished?